Python Class物件導向（三）

用書 PYTHON王者歸來作者洪錦魁

type()　查看物件資料類型

class Grandpa():
   pass
class Papa(Grandpa):
    pass
class son(Papa):
    def name(self):
        pass
Nick = son()
Mike = Papa()
Amber = Grandpa()
print(type(Nick))
print(type(Nick.name))
print(type(Mike))
print(type(Amber))

執行結果

isintance()傳回物件是否為某一類建的類別

class Grandpa():
   pass
class Papa(Grandpa):
    pass
class son(Papa):
    def name(self):
        pass
Nick = son()
Mike = Papa()
Amber = Grandpa()
print(isinstance(Nick,son)) #True
print(isinstance(Nick,Papa)) #True
print(isinstance(Nick,Grandpa))#True

print(isinstance(Mike,son)) #False
print(isinstance(Mike,Papa))  #True
print(isinstance(Mike,Grandpa)) #True

print(isinstance(Amber,son)) #False
print(isinstance(Amber,Papa)) #False
print(isinstance(Amber,Grandpa)) #True

執行結果

特殊屬性

文件字串doc

def getMin(x,y):

    "Please input the two number.It will return small number"
    if int(x)< int(y):
        return x
    else:
        return y

print(getMin(2,5))
print(getMin.__doc__)

class mymath:
    "My math"   
    def getMin(x,y):

        "Please input the two number.It will return small number"
        if int(x)< int(y):
            return x
        else:
            return y
    def getMax(x,y):

        "Please input the two number.It will return big number"
        if int(x)> int(y):
            return x
        else:
            return y


print(mymath.__doc__)
print(mymath.getMin.__doc__)
print(mymath.getMax.__doc__)

Max = mymath.getMax(5,2)
Min = mymath.getMin(6,4)
print(Max)
print(Min)

執行結果

name() 若上述程式是自己執行那name 一定是 main

執行結果

執行結果

__name__ 代表自己執行或是被其他程式import導入當作模組使用

若是被其他程式import導入使用，__name__ 會變成檔案名稱

_str__()返回易取字串

class memo1():
    def __init__(self,name):
        self.name = name
Name1 = memo1("Nini")
print(Name1)

class memo2():
    def __init__(self,name):
        self.name = name
    def __str__(self):
        return f"{self.name}"
        
Name2 = memo2("Nini")
print(Name2)

執行結果

repr()

上述，如果在python shell 輸入Name2 ，他還是會跑出 Name1 不易閱讀的結果

<main.memo1 object at 0x00000256DDC98FD0>

因為系統是呼叫__repr__()做回應，所以把__repr__()定義成和__str__()相同 __repr__ =__str__

class memo2():
    def __init__(self,name):
        self.name = name
    def __str__(self):
        return f"{self.name}"
    __repr__ =__str__    

Name2 = memo2("Nini")
print(Name2)

iter()迭代物件

參考知乎不太理解這個的意思……..

class Mymath():
    def __init__(self,max):
        self.max = max
    def __iter__(self):
        self.a = 0
        self.b = 1
        return self
    def __next__(self):
        mymath = self.a 
        if mymath >self.max:
            raise StopIteration
        self.a,self.b =self.b,self.a+self.b
        return mymath
for i in Mymath(100):
    print(i)

執行結果

eq() 字串或其他內容是否相同

class Name1():
    def __init__(self,name1):
        self.name1 =name1
    def eq(self,name2):
        return self.name1.upper() == name2.name1.upper()

A =Name1("Nini")
B =Name1("nini")
C =Name1("Nick")
print(A.eq(B))
print(A.eq(C))

class Name2():
    def __init__(self,name1):
        self.name1 =name1
    def __eq__(self,name2):
        return self.name1.upper() == name2.name1.upper()

D =Name2("Nini")
E =Name2("nini")
F =Name2("Nick")
print(D==E)
print(D==F)

執行結果

算出圓的面積和邊長

class myroom():
    def __init__(self):
        self.color ="Pink"
class maru(myroom):
    def __init__(self,r):
        super().__init__()
        self.pi =3.14
        self.r = r
    def get_r(self):
        return self.r
    def set_r(self,r):
        self.r = r
    def get_dimameter(self):
        return self.r * 2
    def get_perimeter(self):
        return self.r *2* self.pi
    def get_area(self):
        return (self.r **2)* self.pi
    def get_color(self):
        return color

Maru =maru(5)
print(Maru.color)
print(Maru.get_r())
print(Maru.get_dimameter())
print(Maru.get_perimeter())
print(Maru.get_area())
Maru.set_r(10)
print(Maru.color)
print(Maru.get_r())
print(Maru.get_dimameter())